Lesson Num.4 dive deeper

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1. /æ/ "The cat ran after the man with a black hat."
2. "Ann and Andy had an apple and a banana."
3. "The fat rat sat on a flat mat in a hat."
4. "Sally sang a sad song about a sandy land."
5. "Pat packs a batch of snacks in a sack."
6. /ŋ/ "The king's song clung to the climbing swing."
7. "Long strings of strong springs swing in the wind."
8. "Binging on bananas brings a longing for something tangy."
9. "The wings of the young swans are strong."
10. "Singing along, the penguin swung to the ringing gong."
11. /ɹ/ "Rick rolled rapidly round the rocky road."
12. "Rita's rabbit rarely runs around."
13. "Robert ran rings around the rugged rocks."
14. "Rachel's red roses really radiate."
15. "Roger races rapidly, reaching ridges."

• Who Barbara Oakley really are?
• How many children she has?
• How many cildren she has adopted?
• The evidence of what these facts are?

Glossary

In the context of language and linguistics, prosody refers to the patterns of rhythm, stress, and intonation in spoken language. It encompasses several elements:

• Rhythm: The flow and timing of speech, including the duration of syllables and pauses.
• Stress: The emphasis placed on certain syllables or words, which can affect meaning and contribute to the natural rhythm of speech.
• Intonation: The variation in pitch while speaking, which can convey different meanings, emotions, or questions.

Prosody is important for understanding the nuances of language, as it can affect the emotional tone and clarity of the spoken message.

In the context of Hiberno-English (the variety of English spoken in Ireland), pitch refers to the perceived frequency of sound in speech, contributing to the melody or musical quality of spoken language. In Hiberno-English, pitch can play a significant role in communication for several reasons:

• Intonation Patterns: Pitch variations often create distinctive intonation patterns. Hiberno-English is known for its unique intonation, which can be more varied and musical compared to other English varieties.
• Expressing Emotion and Meaning: Changes in pitch can convey emotional nuances or emphasize certain parts of speech. In Hiberno-English, shifts in pitch can indicate questions, statements, irony, or emphasis, adding layers of meaning beyond the words alone.
• Regional Variation: Different regions in Ireland may exhibit variations in pitch usage, contributing to the distinctiveness of local dialects and accents within Hiberno-English.

Overall, in Hiberno-English, as in other dialects, pitch is an essential component of prosody, crucial for expressing emotion, intent, and meaning.

A proverb is a short, commonly known saying that expresses a general truth, piece of advice, or moral lesson. Proverbs are typically concise and use figurative language or metaphor to convey their message in a memorable way. They are often passed down through generations and are part of the cultural wisdom of a society. For example, the proverb "A stitch in time saves nine" advises that it is better to address a problem promptly to prevent it from becoming larger.

Here are ten proverbs that emphasize the values of diligence, perseverance, and persistence:

1. "Rome wasn't built in a day."
2. "Slow and steady wins the race."
3. "If at first you don't succeed, try, try again."
4. "The early bird catches the worm."
5. "Fortune favors the brave."
6. "Where there's a will, there's a way."
7. "No pain, no gain."
8. "Little strokes fell great oaks."
9. "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."
10. "Practice makes perfect."

These proverbs highlight the importance of consistent effort and determination in achieving success.

Here's a modern adaptation of a well-known Zen story involving two Tibetan monks, which conveys a moral lesson about letting go:

Two Tibetan monks, an elder and a younger, were traveling together on a long journey when they came across a wide, swift river. As they were about to cross, they noticed a woman sitting by the riverbank, distressed because she was unable to cross the river by herself.

The elder monk offered to help. With the woman's consent, he picked her up and carried her across the river, setting her down safely on the other side. The woman thanked him and went on her way.

The monks continued their journey in silence. Hours passed, and the younger monk couldn't keep his feelings to himself any longer. He turned to the elder monk and said, "Brother, we are supposed to avoid contact with women. Why did you carry her?"

The elder monk replied, "I set her down by the river hours ago, but you are still carrying her with you."

This fable teaches a lesson about the importance of letting go of unnecessary burdens and not holding onto thoughts or worries that can weigh us down.